Blast furnace

Blast furnace

This term is used to designate a plant for the production of large amounts of iron (iron) in the order of 20 million tons per year, the same as the one consisting mainly of a predominant tubular element a height of approximately 30 m, which is the hormone itself, are further identified hot air ovens, a system of exhaust gas treatment, the loading and unloading.

Furnace. It consists of a metal capsule consists of two buildings joined by a conical apex height greater than about 8 m above the ground, which is protected by a refractory lining to protect it from heat in the lower cone identify hot air inlets designated by the generic name nozzle or nozzles, towards the bottom of those, you can highlight important two openings, the first is to remove the scum called escoriadero, the second is near the bottom and serves to evacuate the generic product.

As is evident, the exhaust gases must be properly evacuated for which respirators are available at the top of the oven, which is also the burden of iron, coke and limestone (raw material).

Stoves These facilities are equipped for hot air heaters, which increase the temperature of this element to about 800 C, after injection into the oven, the heating process is usually done through heat exchangers, which gets its energy by two possible ways: electrical resistance (unusual for its high consumption) or with the help of the gases leaving the furnace which heated heat transfer, usually thermal oil, which in turn transmit this energy to the heaters, air is usually treated with pre-filtering process, it is usual also identify control devices for the detection of flammable items within these ranges.

Exhaust gases.

The gases given off are quite aggressive to the environment due to its temperature, suspended solids, and fumes (H2S, CO, etc..) For which treatment is imperative, which is done by cooling these element with heat exchangers, recovering, as already stated, the heat to raise the temperature of air entering the furnace and by using elements that precipitate solids, with partitions or cyclones, are currently also developing catalysts for neutralization of the fumes.

Charging system.

They are made with the help of coaches that ascend to the mouth of the oven with the right mix of coke, iron and limestone, from a reservoir where is the dosing, mixing, additive and raw material

Discharge system.

This effect was identified for two products slag and pig iron are both removed by the base of the furnace by wagons placed so opposed this provision due to handling requirements, the slag can be subjected to a secondary recovery process (not usual) or use it for other products such as the development of especially abrasive sand blasting.

The pig iron produced is led to the process of casting molds, ingot or reduction and refinement of electrodes in electric furnaces